Ⅰ 阅读理解
A
Aging brings wrinkles, sagging bodies and frustrating forgetfulness. But getting older is not all bad for many people. Mounting evidence suggests aging may be a key to happiness. There is conflicting research on the subject, however, and experts say it may all boil down to this: Attitude is everything.
Older adults tend to be more optimistic and have a more positive outlook on life than their younger and stressed opposites. The big question is why seniors are happier. A recent study suggests one reason: Older adults remember the past through happy memories. Aging can bring more cheer as people become more comfortable with themselves and their roles in society. The older adults said they were enjoying more time with their family, spending more time on hobbies and having greater financial security and did not have to work.
But others are doubtful about the link between happiness and growing older. \"The notion that those in old age are happiest is misleading,\" said Richard Easterlin, a professor of economics at the University of Southern California. \"It is based on comparing people of different ages who are the same in terms of income, health, family life.\" Easterlin added, \"When you take account of the fact that older people have lower income than younger, are less healthy, and more likely to be living alone, then you will find it hard to accept that they are happier.
In fact, scientists have found that as people age, their health declines and social networks disappear as their friends die, which can make the elderly less happy.
Even if one does give in to age's dark side, health and happiness don't always go hand-in-hand. It's all about attitude. Research by the University of Chicago’s Yang suggests that attitude about life and happiness, is partly shaped by the era in which a person was born. It turns out that individuals who adapt the best to changes also have the highest expected levels of happiness.
Despite the conflicting findings about aging and happiness, the good news is that
there doesn’t appear to be a limit to how much happiness one can achieve in one’s life. “Most people desire happiness,” Easterlin said. “To my knowledge, no one has identified a limit to attainable happiness.” 1.What does the last paragraph mainly tell us? A. The key factor to older adults’ happiness B. There is a conflict between aging and happiness C. No one can define the limit to happiness. D. The relationship between health and happiness. 2.Why are some seniors happier according to some experts? A. They focus on what makes them feel good. B. They have their own circle of friends. C. They have better income after retirement. 3.What can we learn from the passage?
A. People of the same age have the same sense of happiness. B. Attitude may play a very important role in happiness.
C. People who adapt the best to changes are more likely to be unhappy. D. Older adults who have more valuable life experience are more optimistic. 4.What’s the topic discussed in the passage? A. Whether aging or attitude brings happiness. B. Why seniors adapt the best to changes in society. C. What the limit to an elder person’s happiness is. D. How older people feel compared with younger people.
【文章大意】随着年龄的增加变老，人们的幸福感也是不一样的。一些人认为老年人会更幸福些，而另一部分分则持有相反的观点。无论如何，幸福的关键在于一个人对生活的态度。 1.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据此段中“the good news is that there doesn’t appear to
be a limit to how much happiness one can achieve in one’s life… no one has identified a limit to attainable happiness.”可知，幸福是没有标准和限度的。故选C。
3.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中“It's all about attitude. Research by
the University of Chicago’s Yang suggests that attitude about life and happiness, is partly shaped by the era in which a person was born. It turns out that individuals who adapt the best to changes also have the highest expected levels of happiness.”可知，人们对生活和幸福的感觉主要取决于一个人的态度。故选B。
B
(2017·东北三省四市模拟)It’s a familiar feeling.Your friend has made the team for Saturday’s big game, and you take certain pleasure in telling him you can’t be there to watch him play.You smile, but that voice in you asks, why him and not you?
Envy is a fault that we like to keep secret.It raises its ugly head when we focus on what we want but don’t possess now, or we may even wish for and take pleasure in someone losing it.Feelings of unfairness are part of being human, but when you focus on them, you can never get out of your dark emotions.And that makes you feel bad.
So is there a solution? Is there anything you can do to stop the most ungenerous emotions?
Well, why not turn envy on its head, and make it the encouragement you
need for selfimprovement? The best weapon
against envy is not to compete where you can’t shine, but to do your absolute best where you can.
Start by making peace with yourself, and accept the gifts which make you unique.Make an agreement with yourself to be the best you can be.Then find out exactly the circumstances and qualities in others that start your envy.Is it someone’s
singing voice, their work promotion, or their new car? Envy shows us the things we’d like to have, so make a plan to earn what’s important to you.Sign up for a night class.Start a training program.Give up a treat or two, and start saving for what you want.
And aim for real pleasure in the achievements and good fortune
of
others.Cheer on your friend when he scores that goal.Enjoy your best friend’s wedding day.Then go out and do something special, and make you wonderfully proud of yourself.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。忌妒会给人带来不良情绪。本文作者提出应对忌妒的最好方法就是将自己的强项发挥到极致，为自己感到骄傲，同时也为别人取得的成功而快乐。
1．The first paragraph is meant to ________． A．give examples B．tell the main idea C．introduce the topic D．ask the question
C 解析：推理判断题。作者在文章第一段举出一个让人感觉忌妒的例子是为了引出话题，即如何应对忌妒给人带来的不良影响，因此选C。
2．When envy appears, we actually ________． A．ignore its existence B．have feelings of unfairness C．share it with friends D．lose something of our own
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Feelings of unfairness are part of being human”可知，忌妒感出现时，我们确实感到不公平，觉得为什么别人可以拥有，自己却没有，因此选B。
3．What is the best way to help stop envy? A．Developing your own strength to the full. B．Competing for what you are not good at. C．Forgetting about the things you can’t get. D．Trying to get anything that makes you envy.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的“The best weapon against envy is not to compete where you can’t shine, but to do your absolute best where you can.”可知，停止忌妒的最好方法就是将自己的强项发挥到极致，因此选A。
4．What is the author’s attitude towards people with envy? A．Subjective. C．Unconcerned.
B．Objective. D．Worried.
B 解析：观点态度题。作者客观地介绍了忌妒给人带来的消极影响，并提出了应对忌妒、使人过得快乐的有效方法，因此选择B。subjective“主观的”；objective“客观的”；unconcerned“不关心的”；worried“担心的”。
C
With autumn on the horizon, the season’s first Oscar competitors are here. Already, the Hollywood Reporter has predicted that the often-snubbed(冷落的) Leonardo DiCaprio could win. Although before we get swept up in predictions, it’s nice to remember that little gold men are not the reason we love the movies. They shouldn’t be the primary reason for acting in them either.
Bill Murray knows this first hand. Murray was positioned to win his first-ever Oscar Academy Award for 2004’s “Lost in Translation”, but he lost it to Sean Penn. Years later, Murray explained how he took the defeat in stride(从容应对), and his words should act as a blueprint for anyone who has failed:
“I went through it once before and it’s nice to get nominated and win some prizes. You get to go to dinners and tell little stories and so forth. Then you get to get dressed up. And then you get to be on TV, which is sweet. And you can either win or lose. Well you’re not supposed to say ‘lose’ when you talk about the Oscar. You are supposed to say ‘not chosen’. But I later realized that I had gotten a little caught up in the possibility of winning. So, shame on myself for getting caught in it. But I won a lot of the prizes for Lost in Translation. So I thought it didn’t seem unnatural to expect that I would be rewarded just one more time. So when it didn’t happen, I thought, ‘Well, that’s kind of funny.’ But to get prizes is not why you work.”
Murray isn’t alone in those feelings. No mention of actors without Oscars would be complete without recognition of Leonardo DiCaprio, who said, “I don’t think I ever expected anything like an Oscar ever, to tell you the truth. That is not my motivation when I do these roles. I really am motivated by being able to work with
great people and create a body of work that I can look back and be proud of.”
Perhaps neither Murray nor DiCaprio will ever be introduced as an Academy Award-winning actor, but winning an Oscar for acting shouldn’t be the point. Here are some other amazing actors who never won an Oscar, even if you think they did: Julianne Moore, Brad Pitt, Johnny Depp, Tom Cruise, Harrison Ford, Will Smith. And they have proved that countless times before.
1.We can learn about Bill Murray from the passage that_________. A. he felt ashamed that he didn’t win the Oscar. B. he never expected himself to win the Oscar.
C. he had already won many other awards before he failed in Oscar.
D. he is the first actor who had been predicted to win the Oscar but failed. 2.Leonard DiCaprio is motivated to act different roles because _________ A. he wants to win the Oscar.
B. he can cooperate with great people. C. he wants others to take pride in him.
D. he is not the only actor who hasn’t won the Oscar.
3.The underlined word “that” in the last paragraph refers to “_________”. A. Neither Murray nor DiCaprio will won an Oscar. B. Winning an Oscar for acting shouldn’t be the point. C. Some amazing actors have never won an Oscar. D. You think that some actors should have won an Oscar.
4.What is the writer’s attitude to Leonardo’s idea on winning an Oscar? A. Approving. B. Critical
C. Indifferent. D. Neutral.
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了落选奥斯卡奖的比尔默里和莱昂纳多对奥斯卡奖的看法。 1.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But I won a lot of the prizes for Lost in
Translation.”可知，在落选奥斯卡之前，比尔默里已经赢得了很多其他奖项。
3.B 【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“but winning an Oscar for acting shouldn’t
be the point.”可知，此处的that指代的就是winning an Oscar for acting shouldn’t be the point。
4.A 【解析】观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“Perhaps neither Murray nor DiCaprio will
ever be introduced as an Academy Award-winning actor, but winning an Oscar for acting shouldn’t be the point.”可知，作者对莱昂纳多关于赢得奥斯卡的态度是支持的。
D
(2017·云南二检)In a science fiction future, we’ll arrive at the hotel in our driverless taxi，check in at the reception desk staffed by androids, and then follow the robot porter(行李员) as it carries our bags to our room.
However, this is already a science fact.
Robots are already working in some hotels—the Hennna Hotel in Sasebo，Japan is manned entirely by machines.
In a Marriott hotel in Ghent, Belgium, a humanoid robot named Mario has been working since June 2015.He welcomes guests in 19 languages.
Another robot has just taken up a concierge(接待员) position at a Hilton McLean hotel in Virginia.
So the rise of the hotel machines seems unstoppable, but will guests really want to stay in robotrun hotels? And will it come at the cost of human interaction and human jobs?
U．S.online booking company Travelzoo gathered some statistics.Of the 6，000 travelers surveyed globally, nearly two thirds said they’d be comfortable with the idea of being looked after by machines.
Richard Singer, Travelzoo’s European president, says he welcomes the day when apps and machines will get us from lobbies(大堂) to rooms.
But how to stop a robot stealing your job?
“A lot of jobs considered nonautomatable in the past are now automatable，” said Carl Benedikt Frey from University of Oxford, an expert on technology and employment.
But Frey says it’s still too early to say what effect robots will have on employment levels.
In other words, even though robots may soon be checking us in, that’s no excuse for us to be out.
【解题导语】 在宾馆服务的机器人以往只出现在科幻小说中，而如今这种机器人已经存在于现实生活中。这种机器人的服务被大部分顾客所接受。
1．Three hotels are mentioned in the text to show that ________． A．robots are already working in hotels in reality B．many common jobs can be done by robots
C．robots can really help people check into hotels D．there are now some restaurants run by robots
A 解析：写作意图题。根据第三段的“Robots are already working in some hotels”并结合文中介绍的三个由机器人提供服务的宾馆可以判断，文中提及这三个宾馆是为了说明在现实中，机器人已经在宾馆工作了，故A项正确。
2．The company Travelzoo found out that ________． A．robots will put hotel employees out of work
B．robots still have a long way to go to replace humans C．the hotel robots are mostly wellreceived D．some hotel jobs can be automatable
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第七段的“nearly two thirds said they’d be comfortable with the idea of being looked after by machines”可知，有近三分之二的客户认为由机器人照顾他们是自在的；据此可知，Travelzoo公司的调查结果是宾馆机器人得到了大部分顾客的好评，故C项正确。
3．What is Richard Singer’s attitude towards using robots in hotels? A．Doubtful. C．Negative.
B．Positive. D．Cautious.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第八段“Richard Singer...says he welcomes the day when apps and machines will get us from lobbies(大堂) to rooms.”可知，Richard Singer欢迎机器人取代人的工作；据此可以判断，Richard Singer对宾馆机器人持积极的态度，故B项正确。
4．Which of the following can be the best title of the text? A．Japan Opens World’s First Robot Hotel B．Our Next Hotel Will Be Staffed by Robots C．How to Compete with Robots for a Job D．How Guests React to Robot Service
B 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文首段通过介绍科幻小说中提及的在宾馆服务的机器人来引出本文的话题；接着介绍在现实生活中已经有三个宾馆使用了机器人；最后介绍对宾馆机器人服务的评价及其优点；据此可以判断，B项最适合作本文标题。
Ⅱ 七选五
(2017·河北石家庄一模)
How to Avoid an Internet Addiction
While it may seem like everyone surfs the web these days，there is a fine line between casually checking your social media pages and having a fullblown Internet addiction.If you fear that you may lose interest in other aspects of your life because you prefer to be on the Internet, you may be on your way to an Internet addiction.1.________
Admit you are at risk of an addiction.
More and more people in the world are becoming addicted to the Internet.You are not the only one with this problem, and it is becoming more and more common and more and more wellknown.2.________
Set aside limited time for computer use.
Make sure not to turn it on too many times a week.If you have a laptop, make sure to put it somewhere that you can remember but not somewhere that you see every day.Try keeping the lid closed when you are not using it.3.________ If you have a desktop PC, try not to go near it or put something over it like a sheet.
Call people instead of sending instant messages or texts.
If you are free on weekends, call friends and ask them to go outside.This will distract you from the computer.4.________
Use an alarm clock or timer.
Before using your computer, decide on a time limit such as 30 minutes.Set the clock or timer and make sure that you get off the computer when the time is up.Alternatively create a shutdown timer on your desktop.5.________
A．Make a small list of what you want to do within that time.
B．When the computer is not looking at you, you are less likely to use it.
C．This can be programmed to shut down your computer after the set time. D．Luckily, there are ways to avoid living your life in front of the computer. E．This will stop you from using the Internet so often or going on to another page.
F．If you have a problem on weekdays, phone your friends or ask for help in person. G．Do not be embarrassed；find others with the same problem and help each other beat it.
【解题导语】 网瘾会给人们的生活带来很大的影响，本文就如何避免网瘾提出了建议。 1．D 解析：上文谈到网瘾会导致你对生活的其他方面失去兴趣，下文的几条建议则是有关如何避免网瘾的，D项对全文起着承上启下的作用。
2．G 解析：本段的主旨是“Admit you are at risk of an addiction.”，再结合本段讲述的“越来越多的人有网瘾，这是一个普遍现象”可知，选G项“不要觉得不好意思，找到和你一样有网瘾的人，互相帮助去战胜网瘾”。
3．B 解析：根据空前的“Try keeping the lid closed when you are not using it.”可知，作者建议你不用电脑时，把它合上，故选B项“看不到电脑时，你用它的可能性就小”。
4．F 解析：本段的主题是“给朋友打电话而不是在网上发信息”，上文的“call friends and ask them to go outside”与F项中的“phone your friends or ask for help in person”，还有上文的“on weekends”与F项中的“on weekdays”前后呼应。
5．C 解析：本段的主题是“Use an alarm clock or timer.”，作者建议使用闹钟或定时器来限制上网的时间，空前的“shutdown timer”与C项中的“shut down your computer after the set time”相对应。
Ⅲ、七选五
Ways to get rid of jealousy
Jealousy is like a poison. It is difficult to avoid such moments in life. Sometimes, this feeling comes from the sensation of envy that we tend to experience when we notice others ＂better＂ lives, appearances, successes, and so on. 1 . It can ruin relationships, friendships, as well as a sense of satisfaction. Here are some tips to help get rid of jealousy. Be confident.
Not all of us are born with confidence. It takes years of practice to find self-assurance. Follow the ‘fake it till you makes it’s method. 2 Day by
day, confidence forms. If you feel confident in yourself, you are less likely to feel inferior to others. Don’t compare yourself.
Comparison is the most significant aspect of jealousy. If you are able to avoid comparing yourself to others, you will experience a new-found sense of freedom.
A good way to judge this is by valuing imperfection. 3 We are all constantly growing and improving throughout our lives, which is value in failure.
4
When you are feeling upset, remind yourself of your positive qualities. Reflecting on what you do well puts your life into perspective, which is always a plus! A positive spin can be placed on almost anything that you may see as a negative event. There is always a way to find a positive angle. Make a healthy change.
Most of us wish to change, especially faced with something that we are forced to accept. However, most of the things that people tend to feel jealous about can in fact change in a healthy way. If you feel jealous of someone else’s
accomplishments, use it as motivation to work harder to achieve your own goals. Just remember, if the change you want to make is healthy, go for it. 5
A. Act positively. B. Think positively. C. Jealousy is like a snake.
D. Jealousy has the potential to kill happiness .
E. Use the feelings of jealousy as motivation to improve yourself.
F. If you take it as a part of your routine, it will gradually become natural to you.
G. Use your weakness as a learning experience, rather than as a chance to make you feel bad.
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了嫉妒对人们的危害，并给人们提出了摆脱嫉妒的三点建议。
1.D 【解析】根据前文的＂Jealousy is like a poison.＂及空后的＂It can ruin
relationships, friendships, as well as a sense of satisfaction.＂可知嫉妒就像毒药，它会毁掉关系、友谊和满足感，故此处应指嫉妒有扼杀幸福的潜在力量。故选D。
3.G 【解析】根据前文的＂A good way to judge this is by valuing imperfection.＂
（通过重视不完美是一个很好的方法）及空后＂We are all constantly growing and improving throughout our lives, which is value in failure.＂（整个一生中，我们都在不断地成长和改进，这也正是失败的价值所在。）可知此处应指我们应该把我们的不足当成一种学习的经历，而不是让它成为让我们感觉糟糕的因素。故选G。 4.B 【解析】根据段落中的＂When you are feeling upset, remind yourself of your
positive qualities. Reflecting on what you do well…＂（当你感觉郁闷时，让自己想一想自己身上积极的品质。回忆一下你擅长的事情……）可知，本段的主题应是思想要积极。故选B。
5.E 【解析】根据前文的＂If you feel jealous of someone else’s accomplishments,
use it as motivation to work harder to achieve your own goals. Just remember, if the change you want to make is healthy, go for it.＂（如果你对别人的成绩感到嫉妒时，要把它作为更加努力地工作去实现自己目标的动力。只要记住，如果你想要的改变是健康的，那就去做它。）可知，此处应指我们应该把嫉妒感当成自我发展的动力。故选E。
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