Grammar and usage: To-infinitive and Bare-infinitive
学习目标：
1.了解动词不定式的两种形式（带to和并不带to），并掌握其在句子中的成分。
2. 掌握动词不定式的语态时态：被动式、进行时和完成时
Part 1 To-infinitive
Point 1. What is the to-infinitive
动词不定式构成：____________ 否定形式：_____________
Functions that the To-infinitive plays in sentence
point 1.1 to do as a________
Translation: 学好英语是件很难的事情
___________________________________=________________________________________
在很多情况下，尤其是在疑问句和感叹句中，不定式往往放在谓语之后，而用_______作形式主语。
不定式作主语(it 作形式主语）常见句型：
a) It is + adj. (for sb.) + 不定式
b) It is + n. + 不定式
c) It takes/needs/requires + n. (hours, months, days, patience…) + 不定式
point 1.2 to do as a _______
Our most important task now is to make a plan.
我们的目标是被大学录取 Our aim is _____ _____ _______ to university
你的职责是遵守诺言 Your duty is ___________________________
当句子的主语是____________________________________________________等名词或者主语是 what引导的名词性从句时，后面可以用不定式做表语，用以说明主语所包含内容。
注：作表语的不定式都带to，但当主语部分有实义动词do时，to可以省略。
如：Now the only thing we can do is （to） wait.
point 1.3 to do as a _______
He wanted to leave. Sarah determined to forgive his friend.
后接不定式作宾语的谓语动词有：______________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
当不定式短语比宾补长时，往往将不定式放到句子最后，前面用先行代词it作形式宾语，
I felt it terrible to get a low mark in a test. The boy found it difficult to get on with her
常用动词有_______________________________________________等。
Point1.4 to do as an _______________
You should get them to help you . They believed him to be honest.
句型结构：
动词: get, ask, force, order, tell, invite, allow, wish, want,like ,expect,advise , beg
+ sb. + to do
动词believe, find , think, feel, consider, suppose, imagine, prove
+ sb. + to be (不跟to do)
Point1.5 to do as an _______________
He has not kept his promise _______________(write) to his parents regularly.
She made a decision ____________(go)abroad for a year.
不定式可以在句子充当_____________定语，修饰名词。
翻译：他总是第一个来，最后一个走：
没有什么可以担心：
point 1.6 to do as an adverbial不定式可以作状语，表示目的、结果等。
1. All these gifts must be mailed immediately _____ in time for Christmas.
C. so as to be received D. so as to be receiving
① to do , in order to, so as to 在句中做________________状语
2. He hurried to the station only ___ that the train had gone.
A. to find B. finding C. found D. to have found
② only to 做_______________状语，表示意想不到的结果。
Point2. 不定式的进行式、完成式和被动式www.xkb1.com
Some students pretended to be reading
①不定式的进行式：__________________ 用来表示谓语动词动作发生时，________的动作。
--- Is Bob still performing?
--- I’m afraid not. He is said _______ the stage already as he has become an official.
A. to have left B. to leave C. to have been D. to be left
②不定式完成式：______________，用来表示动作发生在谓语动作之_______。
The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games _____ in Beijing in 2008.
A. hold B. holding C. held D. to be held
③不定式的被动式: _____________
Part 2 Bare-infinitive
Point 1 : ①有些动词后面须接不带to的不定式做宾语补足语,常用的动词有
make, let, _______________________________________________________等,
但变成被动语态后, 不定式成为句子的主语补足语,需带to.
She made me swear. = I was _______ ________ swear
②有些句型后面须接不带to的不定式。
I would rather _______________ (go) swimming.
You had better _____________ (tidy) your bedroom.
Why not ________________ (visit) your cousin in Japan?
Point 2 : 当两个不定式由and, or, expect, but, than或rather than连接起来时，第二个不定式to省略。www.xkb1.com
She told me _____________(be) cheerful and _______________(look) on the bright side.
We had nothing _____________(do) but _____________(watch) TV.
I decided ________________(write ) rather than _____________(watch) TV.